## Company Profile Ventana Serra S.p.A. — Italian freight forwarder (CLN network member). Senior Agent Development: Silvano Sabaini. Public traces show Ventana Serra operates as a classical forwarder and agent network participant out of Italy (member announcement on Combined Logistics Networks, 2019). Likely services: sea/air/road forwarding, import/export documentation and customs brokerage coordination via partners, regional Mediterranean and Europe routings. Scale not publicly stated; profile fits a mid‑sized Italian forwarder focused on export corridors through southern Italian ports and intra‑EU/extra‑EU shipments (Mediterranean, North Africa). ## Pain Points ## Intel Summary === MULTI-DIMENSION RESEARCH === === 1. MARKET EVENTS – EU CUSTOMS DIGITALISATION & TRADE COMPLIANCE (FOCUS: ITALY, 2025–2026) === **1.1. ICS2 (Import Control System 2) – Final Phases & 2026 Deadlines** - ICS2 Release 3 extends the Entry Summary Declaration (ENS) safety & security filing to *all* modes of transport (maritime, road, rail, inland waterways). The EU-wide Release 3 window runs roughly from **June 3, 2024 to September 1, 2025** for maritime and inland modes. ([cargoo.com](https://www.cargoo.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ICS2.pdf?utm_source=openai)) - For **Italy**, a temporary derogation applies for road and rail, but Italy has now set a hard cut‑off: - From **January 1, 2026**, use of ICS2 for ENS for **all goods entering the EU through Italian land borders by road or rail becomes “obbligatorio e inderogabile”** (mandatory and non‑derogable). ([consulsped.com](https://www.consulsped.com/news/ics2-fase-3.html?utm_source=openai)) - Industry and customs‑broker briefings highlight that many road operators will only come into the system in **Q3 2026** when multiple‑ENS filing functions are fully operational, hence 2025–2026 is described as the “last window” for carriers and Italian importers/exporters to upgrade their digital pre‑arrival processes. ([eori.uk](https://www.eori.uk/news-insights/ics2-the-next-phase-in-eu-customs-control-are-you-ready?utm_source=openai)) **Implications for Italian exporters/importers** - Italian exporters are indirectly impacted: to avoid delays, they must provide **full, structured shipment data (HS code, consignee, EORI, etc.) earlier in the booking cycle** so carriers/forwarders can lodge compliant ENS filings into ICS2. ([eori.uk](https://www.eori.uk/news-insights/ics2-the-next-phase-in-eu-customs-control-are-you-ready?utm_source=openai)) - Non‑compliance risks include **shipment holds at first EU point of entry** and possible penalties; logistics advisors are explicitly warning businesses to “evaluate customs compliance procedures now” ahead of the **2025–2026** deadlines. ([eori.uk](https://www.eori.uk/news-insights/ics2-the-next-phase-in-eu-customs-control-are-you-ready?utm_source=openai)) --- **1.2. EU Customs Reform & “Unified Digital Customs Platform” (towards 2026)** - The **EU Customs Reform** package, proposed in May 2023, has now been politically agreed by Parliament and Member States in **March 2026** and moves the EU toward a **single, fully digital customs data hub** replacing much of the current fragmented national systems. ([ecustoms.sgs.com](https://ecustoms.sgs.com/2026/04/13/eu-customs-reform/?utm_source=openai)) - A trade advisory dated April 2026 notes the reform’s aims: - Centralised **EU Customs Data Hub** to host declarations and risk‑analysis data. - Greater use of **AI‑enabled risk assessment** and data analytics. - More responsibility for **large platforms/marketplaces as “deemed importers”** in B2C flows. ([ecustoms.sgs.com](https://ecustoms.sgs.com/2026/04/13/eu-customs-reform/?utm_source=openai)) - A ports‑sector note summarises Commission ambitions for a **phased rollout by end‑2026**, especially for high‑volume operators, though full implementation will be staged beyond that date. ([ports.marinelink.com](https://ports.marinelink.com/ports/port/harbor-beach/news/eu-commission-proposes-unified-digital-customs-platform-for-2026-rollout?utm_source=openai)) **Implications for Italian operators** - Italian exporters using large marketplaces or platform‑based models will see more customs obligations pushed onto platforms, but they must still ensure **product classification, origin, and safety data** are correct to avoid re‑assessment. ([oneunionsolutions.com](https://oneunionsolutions.com/blog/eu-customs-reform-2026-key-changes-in-european-supply-chain-and-trade-compliance/?utm_source=openai)) - For traditional B2B exporters, the main change will be **convergence toward a single EU‑wide data interface**, reducing duplication but increasing expectations on data quality and traceability. --- **1.3. National digitalisation in Italy – AIDA 2.0, SUDOCO & trade‑tech** - Italy’s customs agency has been rolling out **AIDA 2.0** and related digital customs platforms, often via technology providers such as Circle Group’s **MILOS eCustoms**: - In **February 2026**, Circle Group announced new contracts (value >€150,000) focused on **upgrading and migrating Italian customs processes to AIDA 2.0**, including modules for export (AES), ICS2 integration, and port community–system links. ([lamescolanza.com](https://www.lamescolanza.com/2026/02/24/circle-group-quattro-nuovi-contratti-per-la-digitalizzazione-doganale-aida-2-0/?utm_source=openai)) - The **Sportello Unico Doganale e dei Controlli (SUDOCO)**, Italy’s “single customs and controls window,” is being integrated with transport and port systems to allow coordinated digital clearance and multi‑agency checks. The regulatory framework was finalised in 2022, and implementation has been gradually expanding; it is now explicitly tied into the broader **PA Digitale 2026** program funded by Italy’s NRRP (PNRR). ([mit.gov.it](https://www.mit.gov.it/comunicazione/news/trasporto-merci-pronto-il-regolamento-per-lo-sportello-unico-doganale-e-dei?utm_source=openai)) **Key compliance requirements & opportunities (2025–2026)** - For Italian exporters (especially AEOs and frequent traders): - **Leverage AEO status** for expedited treatments within ICS2 risk‑based controls once data quality thresholds are met; AEOs are expected to benefit most from the new digital risk‑management architecture. ([eori.uk](https://www.eori.uk/news-insights/ics2-the-next-phase-in-eu-customs-control-are-you-ready?utm_source=openai)) - Invest in **integrated customs‑trade compliance tools** capable of generating ICS2‑ready ENS data, linking to AIDA 2.0/SUDOCO, and keeping audit trails for 2026‑onward enforcement. ([lamescolanza.com](https://www.lamescolanza.com/2026/02/24/circle-group-quattro-nuovi-contratti-per-la-digitalizzazione-doganale-aida-2-0/?utm_source=openai)) **Take‑away for 2026** - By **January 1, 2026**, Italy‑connected **road and rail imports** must be fully ICS2‑compliant. - By **end‑2026**, Italian traders will be operating in an ecosystem that is: - largely **paperless**, - integrated with **EU‑level risk engines**, and - more demanding in terms of **pre‑arrival data quality and traceability**. ([consulsped.com](https://www.consulsped.com/news/ics2-fase-3.html?utm_source=openai)) --- === 2. DEMAND SIGNALS – ITALY EXPORT DEMAND TO NORTH/WEST AFRICA & MEDITERRANEAN FREIGHT FLOWS (2024–2026) === **2.1. Italian export exposure to Africa & “Piano Mattei” countries** - Overall, Africa still represents a relatively small but growing share of Italian exports. Latest structural data indicate that **about 3.2% of Italy’s total exports in 2025 went to Africa**, vs ~55% to Europe and ~11% to North America. ([worldstopexports.com](https://www.worldstopexports.com/italys-top-10-exports/?utm_source=openai)) - Italy’s state export credit agency **SACE** reports that in **2024**, exports to countries included in the government’s **“Piano Mattei”** for Africa reached **€14 billion**, with expectations for continued growth in 2025. These partners are largely in **North and sub‑Saharan Africa**, spanning energy, infrastructure, and agri‑food value chains. ([ansa.it](https://www.ansa.it/amp/sito/notizie/economia/pmi/2025/11/18/sace-nel-2024-14-miliardi-export-verso-paesi-piano-mattei_0095baea-0f2c-487d-829d-5799c7226d47.html?utm_source=openai)) - The Italian foreign ministry’s non‑EU trade update notes that in **2024**: - exports to **OPEC countries** (which include several North African states) grew **+6.6%** y/y; - overall exports to non‑EU partners increased, with consumer goods especially strong. ([esteri.it](https://www.esteri.it/en/sala_stampa/archivionotizie/comunicati/2025/01/andamento-del-commercio-estero-extra-ue-nel-2024/?utm_source=openai)) **Signals for agri‑food and agri‑machinery** - ISMEA’s 2025 agri‑food report and related summaries highlight that **agri‑food exports continue to gain share in global markets**, growing Italy’s world market share from **2.9% (2015) to 3.5% (2024)** across food categories including wine, olive oil, pasta, and tomato products—many of which are important for Mediterranean and African markets. ([ismea.it](https://www.ismea.it/flex/cm/pages/ServeAttachment.php/L/IT/D/1%252F0%252Fd%252/D.bad108d1ed8ec40e69fb/P/BLOB%3AID%3D13516/E/pdf?mode=download&utm_source=openai)) - IMF analysis of Italian regional trade (2025 report) underscores that **Southern Italy is significantly exposed to North African demand**, with about **6% of exports from some southern regions directed to North Africa**, often via maritime hubs in Sicily and Calabria. ([imf.org](https://www.imf.org/_next/data/EpnxHCnVQm0tS7VzM-X4o/en/-/media/files/publications/cr/2025/english/1itaea2025001-source-pdf.pdf.json?utm_source=openai)) - On the industrial side, bilateral trade notes (e.g., Italy–South Africa) show sustained growth in exports of **machinery and equipment**, a category relevant for agricultural mechanisation in Africa. ([en.wikipedia.org](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93South_Africa_relations?utm_source=openai)) --- **2.2. Freight & logistics flows in the Mediterranean (Italy–Africa)** - Container flows through southern Italian hubs like **Gioia Tauro** and other Tyrrhenian/Adriatic ports are critical for East–West and North–South (to Africa) trade: - Gioia Tauro is identified as **Italy’s largest container port** and the **6th‑largest port in the Mediterranean** (8th in Europe as of 2025), serving as a key transshipment hub on the Gibraltar–Suez route, which connects Italy with North Africa and the Middle East. ([en.wikipedia.org](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_of_Gioia_Tauro?utm_source=openai)) - Recent IMF analysis points out that southern Italian regions, using these ports, are more **vulnerable to disruptions in non‑EU trade routes, especially North Africa**, underscoring the strategic role of Mediterranean container services and Ro‑Ro lines. ([imf.org](https://www.imf.org/_next/data/EpnxHCnVQm0tS7VzM-X4o/en/-/media/files/publications/cr/2025/english/1itaea2025001-source-pdf.pdf.json?utm_source=openai)) - While hard, recent (2025–2026) public data on *volumes by direction* (Italy–North/West Africa) are limited, institutional sources consistently: - flag **continued growth in extra‑EU exports** in 2024–2025, - highlight **North Africa as a priority corridor** for diversification and near‑shoring, and - link the **Piano Mattei** with strengthening logistics corridors for energy, infrastructure materials, and food. ([ansa.it](https://www.ansa.it/amp/sito/notizie/economia/pmi/2025/11/18/sace-nel-2024-14-miliardi-export-verso-paesi-piano-mattei_0095baea-0f2c-487d-829d-5799c7226d47.html?utm_source=openai)) **Direction of travel for 2026** - Macro‑level indicators suggest that, going into **2026**: - Italian exports overall are recovering (exports +1.6% in the first five months of 2025 vs 2024, with **agri‑food up 9.5%** and a record trade balance). ([firstonline.info](https://www.firstonline.info/en/Italian-exports-2025-record-trade-balance--agri-food-and-pharmaceutical-machinery-at-the-top/?utm_source=openai)) - Africa remains a **small but growing** destination, supported by policy (Piano Mattei), energy and infrastructure projects, and food‑security needs. ([ansa.it](https://www.ansa.it/amp/sito/notizie/economia/pmi/2025/11/18/sace-nel-2024-14-miliardi-export-verso-paesi-piano-mattei_0095baea-0f2c-487d-829d-5799c7226d47.html?utm_source=openai)) - For an exporter in food/agri‑inputs, the signal is **modestly positive demand growth from North Africa and parts of West Africa**, framed more by **policy‑driven projects and supply‑chain realignment** than by a sudden spike in consumer demand. --- === 3. COMMODITY TRENDS – ITALIAN OLIVE OIL & TOMATO PASTE EXPORTS, PRICES & DISRUPTIONS (2023–2026) === #### 3.1. Italian olive oil – exports, prices, and trade patterns **Export levels & dynamics** - World Bank/Comtrade data show Italy’s **2024 exports of virgin olive oil (HS 150910)** at about **249,000 tonnes** with a value of ~**US$2.64 billion**. ([wits.worldbank.org](https://wits.worldbank.org/trade/comtrade/en/country/ITA/year/2024/tradeflow/Exports/partner/ALL/product/150910?utm_source=openai)) - Statista’s series on Italian virgin olive oil exports shows the value of exports reaching around **€2.4–2.5 billion in 2024**, continuing an upward trajectory from the early 2010s. ([statista.com](https://www.statista.com/statistics/675010/value-of-italian-virgin-olive-oil-worldwide-exports/?utm_source=openai)) - According to Italianfood.net, **extra‑virgin olive oil prices rose ~30% in 2024**, while export performance was even stronger: - in the **first 10 months of 2024**, exports increased **+52.5% in value and +5.4% in volume vs 2023**, indicating a strong price‑driven revenue effect. ([news.italianfood.net](https://news.italianfood.net/2025/02/11/italian-extra-virgin-olive-oil-prices-surge-by-30-in-2024/?utm_source=openai)) **Price environment** - Severe droughts in Spain pushed global extra‑virgin olive oil (EVOO) prices close to **US$10,000/tonne in early 2024**; prices then partially corrected in late 2025 as production recovered. ([exaputra.com](https://www.exaputra.com/2025/12/un-comtrade-global-olive-oil-trade.html?utm_source=openai)) - EU market monitoring showed average retail/wholesale prices in early 2024 around **€8.7–9.6/kg** across major producers, with Italy at the upper end (~€9.55/kg), nearly **+80–85% y/y** in some cases. ([agriculture.ec.europa.eu](https://agriculture.ec.europa.eu/document/download/2edde374-d0d9-474c-9726-1e1c421c3567_en?filename=cdg-agricultural-markets-2024-4-17-olive-oil-minutes_en.pdf&prefLang=cs&utm_source=openai)) **Supply‑chain context & disruptions** - Italy is structurally a **net importer** of olive oil despite being a top exporter: domestic production of ~**224,000 tonnes in 2024–25 covers less than half of internal demand**, making Italy the **world’s largest importer of extra‑virgin olive oil**. ([es.wikipedia.org](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olivicultura_de_Italia?utm_source=openai)) - Supply shocks in Spain (drought) and climate variability in Italy and Greece have caused: - **tight raw‑material supply**, - greater reliance on imports from **Tunisia and other Mediterranean suppliers**, and - a squeeze on margins for Italian packers, who must balance higher input costs with brand positioning in premium markets. ([exaputra.com](https://www.exaputra.com/2025/12/un-comtrade-global-olive-oil-trade.html?utm_source=openai)) **Demand outlook into 2026** - EU and IOC monitoring suggest that olive‑oil production is expected to **rebound somewhat in 2024/25 and 2025/26**, easing the extreme price peaks but keeping prices historically elevated. ([agridata.ec.europa.eu](https://agridata.ec.europa.eu/extensions/DataPortal/olive-oil.html?utm_source=openai)) - Consumer research by Italianfood.net and others point to **strong brand and origin loyalty**, with many consumers prioritising origin and quality over price, which supports Italy’s export premium even under high‑price conditions. ([news.italianfood.net](https://news.italianfood.net/2025/02/11/italian-extra-virgin-olive-oil-prices-surge-by-30-in-2024/?utm_source=openai)) **Implications for 2026** - Italian exporters remain positioned as **high‑value brand owners and bottlers**, benefiting from: - sustained **premium demand in the US and EU**, - tightened but stabilising **supply from Mediterranean partners**, and - gradually normalising prices from the 2024 peak, though likely above pre‑2022 averages. ([news.italianfood.net](https://news.italianfood.net/2025/03/13/italian-food-exports-surge-led-by-olive-oil/?utm_source=openai)) --- #### 3.2. Italian tomato paste & processed tomato products – exports, prices, and disruptions **Export volumes & values** - Tomato News reports that in the **2023/24 marketing year**, Italy exported around **791,500 tonnes of tomato pastes (HS 200290)**, ranking **second globally** after China and ahead of the US, and approaching its historic record (~800,000 tonnes in 2019/20. ([tomatonews.com](https://tomatonews.com/italy-the-rebound-of-tomato-products-exports-in-2023-2024/?utm_source=openai)) - ANSA (April 2025) notes that **Italian exports of all tomato preserves (passata, peeled, diced, paste)** in **2024** reached about **€3 billion**, with export volumes up **+6.5%** and value up **+3.8%** vs 2023. ([ansa.it](https://www.ansa.it/nuova_europa/en/news/sections/politics/2025/04/15/in-2024-italy-exported-tomato-preserves-for-3-billion_67a8ce65-d532-463b-ad0b-81c4973c11d7.html?utm_source=openai)) - ISMEA and MASAF communications (March–April 2026) emphasise that in **2025**: - Italy processed over **5.8 million tonnes of processing tomato**, up around **+11% vs 2024** according to ISMEA’s 2025 agriculture market note. ([ansa.it](https://www.ansa.it/amp/sito/notizie/economia/agrimercati/2026/03/31/conserve-di-pomodoro-italia-prima-al-mondo-per-export-torna-seconda-per_a044066e-7335-40d2-a706-553a4f5f75c1.html?utm_source=openai)) - Italy **confirmed itself as the world’s leading exporter of tomato preserves**, ahead of China, Spain, and the US. ([ansa.it](https://www.ansa.it/amp/sito/notizie/economia/agrimercati/2026/03/31/conserve-di-pomodoro-italia-prima-al-mondo-per-export-torna-seconda-per_a044066e-7335-40d2-a706-553a4f5f75c1.html?utm_source=openai)) **Price levels & margin pressure** - Anicav and sector interviews (late 2025) report that: - the **price paid to Italian farmers for processing tomatoes has increased by about 50% over four years**, with spikes of **+67% in Southern Italy**, making it the **highest farm‑gate price in the world** for processing tomatoes. ([foodweb.it](https://www.foodweb.it/2025/12/pomodoro-da-industria-anicav-serve-una-filiera-piu-coesa/?utm_source=openai)) - In **H1 2025**, export volumes fell **–3.6%** and export value **–10.7%**, partly due to **US tariffs** and competitive pressure from lower‑cost origins. ([foodweb.it](https://www.foodweb.it/2025/12/pomodoro-da-industria-anicav-serve-una-filiera-piu-coesa/?utm_source=openai)) - A 2025 export‑sector analysis based on ISMEA data notes that for 2025 as a whole: - **export volumes were roughly flat (–0.5%)**, but - **export value declined around –8%**, with an average export price of about **€0.60/kg**, suggesting some **price erosion and margin compression** despite high input costs. ([mattiawinkler.it](https://www.mattiawinkler.it/export-conserve-di-pomodoro-lanalisi-del-settore-nel-2025/?utm_source=openai)) **Structural trade position** - Processed tomato products are highlighted by ISMEA as one of the **strongest positive contributors to Italy’s agro‑food trade balance**, with a trade surplus around **€2.5 billion in the 2022/23 campaign** on exports over **€2.8 billion**, a pattern that has broadly continued into 2024–2025 with rising volumes and somewhat weaker unit values. ([ismeamercati.it](https://www.ismeamercati.it/flex/cm/pages/ServeBLOB.php/L/IT/IDPagina/12907?utm_source=openai)) - MASAF (2026) underscores that tomato preserves are now one of the **symbol products of “Made in Italy”**, with the entire industrial tomato chain valued at **~€44–45 billion** and employing **10,000 permanent and >25,000 seasonal workers**, not counting upstream/downstream activities. ([ismeamercati.it](https://www.ismeamercati.it/flex/cm/pages/ServeBLOB.php/L/IT/IDPagina/12907?utm_source=openai)) **Supply‑chain & policy context** - The 2025 season saw **slightly lower‑than‑planned production (~–10% vs programmed volumes)** despite exceeding 5.8 million tonnes, reflecting climate variability and water constraints, especially in the Po Valley and southern districts. ([ansa.it](https://www.ansa.it/amp/sito/notizie/economia/agrimercati/2026/03/31/conserve-di-pomodoro-italia-prima-al-mondo-per-export-torna-seconda-per_a044066e-7335-40d2-a706-553a4f5f75c1.html?utm_source=openai)) - High raw‑tomato prices, combined with **retailer pressure (GDO) and external trade barriers (notably US tariffs)**, are pushing processors to: - seek greater **supply‑chain coordination**, - invest in **efficiency and variety innovation**, and - diversify markets in **Asia, the Middle East, and Africa** via promotion campaigns like “Red Gold from Europe.” ([foodweb.it](https://www.foodweb.it/2025/12/pomodoro-da-industria-anicav-serve-una-filiera-piu-coesa/?utm_source=openai)) **Outlook into 2026** - ISMEA’s Q3‑2025 outlook and 2026‑oriented commentary point to: - continuing **strength in global demand** for Italian processed tomatoes, - sustained **high production levels** (5.8+ million tonnes), but - risk of **profit squeeze** unless price realignment or cost relief occurs (e.g., energy, logistics, or farm‑gate prices stabilising). ([ismea.it](https://www.ismea.it/flex/cm/pages/ServeBLOB.php/L/IT/IDPagina/13544?utm_source=openai)) --- **Summary cross‑links for all dimensions** - Customs digitalisation (ICS2, AIDA 2.0, EU Customs Reform) is raising **data‑quality and pre‑arrival compliance requirements** just as Italian olive‑oil and tomato‑preserve exporters face **volatile prices, tight margins, and active trade‑policy environments (tariffs, new markets, Piano Mattei)**. - For 2026 strategy, Italian exporters trading into North/West Africa and broader Mediterranean markets should align **digital customs capabilities (ENS/ICS2, AEO, SUDOCO integration)** with **commodity‑specific risk management** (climate risk in olive oil, input‑cost risk in tomatoes, geopolitical and tariff risk in destination markets). Sources: • Ready for ICS2 – Release 3: https://www.cargoo.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ICS2.pdf?utm_source=openai • ICS2 – Fase 3 | Consulsped Srl https://www.consulsped.com/news/ics2-fase-3.html?utm_source=openai • ICS2: The Next Phase in EU Customs Control – Are You Ready? https://www.eori.uk/news-insights/ics2-the-next-phase-in-eu-customs-control-are-you-ready?utm_source=openai • EU Customs Reform - SGS e-Customs https://ecustoms.sgs.com/2026/04/13/eu-customs-reform/?utm_source=openai • EU Commission Proposes Unified Digital Customs Platform for 2026 Rollout - Ports Directory https://ports.marinelink.com/ports/port/harbor-beach/news/eu-commission-proposes-unified-digital-customs-platform-for-2026-rollout?utm_source=openai • Circle Group, quattro nuovi contratti per la digitalizzazione doganale AIDA 2.0 - La Mescolanza https://www.lamescolanza.com/2026/02/24/circle-group-quattro-nuovi-contratti-per-la-digitalizzazione-doganale-aida-2-0/?utm_source=openai • Trasporto merci: pronto il regolamento per lo Sportello Unico Doganale e dei Controlli (SUDOCO) | Ministero delle infrastrutture e dei trasporti https://www.mit.gov.it/comunicazione/news/trasporto-merci-pronto-il-regolamento-per-lo-sportello-unico-doganale-e-dei?utm_source=openai • Italy’s Top Exports 2025 https://www.worldstopexports.com/italys-top-10-exports/?utm_source=openai • Sace, nel 2024 14 miliardi export verso Paesi piano Mattei | ANSA.it https://www.ansa.it/amp/sito/notizie/economia/pmi/2025/11/18/sace-nel-2024-14-miliardi-export-verso-paesi-piano-mattei_0095baea-0f2c-487d-829d-5799c7226d47.html?utm_source=openai • Non-EU Foreign Trade Performance in 2024 – Ministero degli Affari Esteri e della Cooperazione Internazionale https://www.esteri.it/en/sala_stampa/archivionotizie/comunicati/2025/01/andamento-del-commercio-estero-extra-ue-nel-2024/?utm_source=openai • RAPPORTO SULL’AGROALIMENTARE ITALIANO 2025 https://www.ismea.it/flex/cm/pages/ServeAttachment.php/L/IT/D/1%252F0%252Fd%252/D.bad108d1ed8ec40e69fb/P/BLOB%3AID%3D13516/E/pdf?mode=download&utm_source=openai • IMF Country Report No. 25/201 https://www.imf.org/_next/data/EpnxHCnVQm0tS7VzM-X4o/en/-/media/files/publications/cr/2025/english/1itaea2025001-source-pdf.pdf.json?utm_source=openai • Port of Gioia Tauro https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_of_Gioia_Tauro?utm_source=openai • Italian Extra Virgin Olive Oil Prices Surged by 30% in 2024 - Italianfood.net https://news.italianfood.net/2025/02/11/italian-extra-virgin-olive-oil-prices-surge-by-30-in-2024/?utm_source=openai • UN Comtrade: Global Olive Oil Trade Value & Trends (Country-Region) https://www.exaputra.com/2025/12/un-comtrade-global-olive-oil-trade.html?utm_source=openai • Tomato News: Italy the rebound of tomato products exports in 2023/2024 https://tomatonews.com/italy-the-rebound-of-tomato-products-exports-in-2023-2024/?utm_source=openai • ANSA: In 2024, Italy exported tomato preserves for 3 billion https://www.ansa.it/nuova_europa/en/news/sections/politics/2025/04/15/in-2024-italy-exported-tomato-preserves-for-3-billion_67a8ce65-d532-463b-ad0b-81c4973c11d7.html?utm_source=openai