## Company Profile KARL HEINZ DIETRICH GMBH & CO. KG Internationale Spedition — Germany-based international freight forwarder (IATA‑listed). Operates export/import forwarding by sea, air and land with offices in southern Germany (email address points to Germaringen/Bavaria). Likely a mid‑sized regional forwarder specialising in cross‑border logistics for manufacturing and agri‑food customers (exports and imports), offering customs handling and international cargo consolidation. Public listings (IATA directory) show an established freight forwarding operation; specific turnover/headcount not publicly disclosed. ## Pain Points 1) Modal volatility & capacity risk: China–Europe rail volumes fell sharply in 2025 with rerouted services and directional imbalances; Dietrich’s clients need backup sea/air options and multimodal chains but the forwarder must offer flexible, contract‑level routing without large margin exposure. 2) Regulatory & data burden (CBAM/ETS 2026): Clients importing CBAM sectors demand detailed embedded‑emissions records and per‑shipment data for compliance — a technical and administrative burden that risks excluding forwarders who cannot provide auditable emissions or API integration. 3) Digital visibility & competition: German shippers increasingly select forwarders for end‑to‑end digital visibility, CO₂ reporting and instant rate/route flexibility. As a regional forwarder, Dietrich may lack the in‑house systems and supplier network to match large forwarders on these capabilities quickly, risking lost tenders and price pressure. ## Intel Summary === MULTI-DIMENSION RESEARCH === === 1. [MARKET EVENTS] China–Europe rail freight volumes and new rail routes – 2026 Germany; impact on sea and air corridors === **China–Europe rail volumes & directionality** - China–Europe rail freight grew strongly through 2024, then contracted in 2025: - 2024: China Railway Container Transport (CRCT) reports **19,392 China–Europe freight trains** carrying **2.077 million TEU**, up **10.7%** (trips) and **9.2%** (TEU) year-on-year.([railmarket.com](https://railmarket.com/news/freight-rail/28943-china-europe-19-000-freight-trains-in-2024?region=na&utm_source=openai)) - Cumulative since launch: nearly **120,000 China–Europe freight train trips** with cargo value of **USD 426.4 bn** by end‑2024.([english.news.cn](https://english.news.cn/20251118/ea5cbba0dc6c4d70bea1665105c364ed/c.html?utm_source=openai)) - 2025 correction: - European Rail Alliance data (Northern Corridor) show **310,579 TEU** China–EU rail freight in 2025, down **14.1%** YoY.([seanews.com.tr](https://www.seanews.com.tr/article/china-eu-rail-freight-fell-141pc-in-2025-mlh34o68?utm_source=openai)) - On the core Northern Corridor specifically, volume fell to **255,869 TEU**, **‑12.7%** YoY, after a rebound in 2024.([market-insights.upply.com](https://market-insights.upply.com/en/china-eu-rail-freight-volumes-fell-again-in-2025?hs_amp=true&utm_source=openai)) - H1‑2025: China–EU rail volumes **138,009 TEU**, **‑27%** vs H1‑2024.([freshplaza.com](https://www.freshplaza.com/north-america/article/9762030/china-eu-rail-freight-drops-27-in-first-half-2025/?utm_source=openai)) - Directional shift: - Recent market commentary notes **return (Europe–China) flows now outpacing westbound China–Europe** on some corridors, reflecting weaker European demand and more balanced eastbound flows (e.g., vehicles, machinery).([railmarket.com](https://railmarket.com/news/freight-rail/51534-ltg-cargo-deploys-new-pocket-wagons-on-kaunas-duisburg-route?utm_source=openai)) **New/adjusted rail routes touching Germany (2024–2026 signals)** - **Duisburg and Hamburg remain primary German nodes** for China–Europe rail, with routes via Poland/Belarus (northern corridor) and via Kazakhstan/Russia (middle corridor), but: - Ongoing geopolitical and sanctions risks on the northern route have driven **greater use of southern/middle corridors via Kazakhstan–Caspian–Black Sea**; these often re‑enter the EU through ports (Constanta, Piraeus, etc.) with onward rail/road into Germany rather than direct all‑rail trans‑Eurasian routes.([market-insights.upply.com](https://market-insights.upply.com/en/china-eu-rail-freight-volumes-fell-again-in-2025?hs_amp=true&utm_source=openai)) - Operators have promoted **Kaunas–Duisburg** and other intra‑EU rail legs to connect to China via Baltic and Black Sea gateways, indicating a shift toward **modular multimodal chains** instead of single‑corridor China–Germany rail.([railmarket.com](https://railmarket.com/news/freight-rail/51534-ltg-cargo-deploys-new-pocket-wagons-on-kaunas-duisburg-route?utm_source=openai)) - While specific brand‑new 2026‑dated China–Germany rail lines are not yet widely reported, the trend through 2024–2025 is: - More **service adjustments (frequency, routings, eastbound focus)** rather than big “new corridor” launches. - Strengthening of **regional consolidation hubs** (e.g., Xi’an in China, Duisburg in Germany) with flexible routing via Central Asia or the Black Sea depending on risk and cost conditions.([railmarket.com](https://railmarket.com/news/freight-rail/51534-ltg-cargo-deploys-new-pocket-wagons-on-kaunas-duisburg-route?utm_source=openai)) **Impact on sea and air freight corridors serving Germany** - **Modal share & competition with sea:** - The 2025 **‑14.1%** decline in China–EU rail TEUs contrasts with **continued growth in China–EU trade value** (exports to EU +8.4% in 2025; imports ‑0.5%), implying that a **greater share of incremental trade moved by sea (and some by air)** while rail lost share.([seanews.com.tr](https://www.seanews.com.tr/article/china-eu-rail-freight-fell-141pc-in-2025-mlh34o68?utm_source=openai)) - Market analyses attribute rail’s 2025 downturn mainly to: - **Geopolitical disruptions** and sanctions risk on the Russia/Belarus legs. - Improved **reliability and rates in ocean freight** post‑pandemic. - Residual **insurance and compliance costs** tied to overland routes.([seanews.com.tr](https://www.seanews.com.tr/article/china-eu-rail-freight-fell-141pc-in-2025-mlh34o68?utm_source=openai)) - **Effects on German sea gateways:** - As east–west trade continued to grow but rail volumes shrank, **deep‑sea container ports serving Germany (Hamburg, Bremerhaven, Rotterdam, Antwerp‑Bruges with hinterland rail/road into Germany)** gained relative importance for China–Germany flows, especially for: - **Low‑margin, less time‑sensitive cargo** (consumer goods, bulk agri‑food ingredients). - **Larger batch shipments** where the unit cost differential vs rail is significant. - For **German exporters**, reduced reliability of rail encouraged **greater reliance on ocean services** via North Range ports for shipments to China and Central Asia, sometimes complemented by sea‑rail solutions (e.g., via Piraeus, Constanta).([seanews.com.tr](https://www.seanews.com.tr/article/china-eu-rail-freight-fell-141pc-in-2025-mlh34o68?utm_source=openai)) - **Impact on air freight corridors:** - China–Europe rail traditionally competes most with **air for higher‑value, time‑sensitive cargo** that is somewhat time‑flexible (electronics, higher‑value food and ingredients). - With rail volumes falling **27% in H1‑2025** and some shippers avoiding overland routes, there are indications (from freight market commentary) of **some shift back to air freight on critical lanes**, particularly: - High‑value manufacturing inputs from China into German automotive and machinery clusters. - Certain **temperature‑controlled or high‑value agri‑food ingredients** where longer ocean transit is problematic.([freshplaza.com](https://www.freshplaza.com/north-america/article/9762030/china-eu-rail-freight-drops-27-in-first-half-2025/?utm_source=openai)) - However, air remains volume‑constrained and high‑cost; most displaced rail cargo is believed to have **migrated to sea**, with air absorbing only the most time‑critical slices. **Implications for 2026 Germany** - Rail’s 2025 contraction and rerouting pressures suggest that in 2026: - **China–Germany rail will retain a niche role** (higher‑value, time‑sensitive, balanced eastbound flows), but sea will remain dominant in volume terms. - Logistics providers in Germany are **positioning rail as part of broader multimodal chains**, not a stand‑alone door‑to‑door solution; this supports sea–rail and road–rail combinations that can flex around geopolitical constraints. - **Port‑centric logistics (esp. Hamburg and North Range)** become even more critical as backup for shippers that previously leaned on rail, especially for manufacturing inputs and agri‑food commodities. **Sources – Market Events** ([english.news.cn](https://english.news.cn/20251118/ea5cbba0dc6c4d70bea1665105c364ed/c.html?utm_source=openai)) === 2. [DEMAND SIGNALS] Germany exporters/importers 2026 – demand for end‑to‑end logistics, digital freight forwarding, multimodal, supplier diversification (manufacturing & agri‑food) === *Note: Hard quantitative demand surveys specifically for “2026” are still sparse; most signals are from 2024–2025 surveys and German trade body guidance extrapolated into 2026.* **End‑to‑end logistics and multimodal solutions** - **Integrated, door‑to‑door services:** - Major logistics providers in Germany (e.g., DB Schenker, DHL Global Forwarding, Maersk Logistics & Services) highlight **growing German shipper demand for single‑provider, end‑to‑end offerings** covering: - Ocean/rail/road combination + customs brokerage + warehousing + value‑added services. - Real‑time visibility and carbon footprint reporting.([railmarket.com](https://railmarket.com/news/freight-rail/51534-ltg-cargo-deploys-new-pocket-wagons-on-kaunas-duisburg-route?utm_source=openai)) - With China–Europe rail uncertainties, many German manufacturers are asking for **built‑in routing flexibility** (e.g., the ability to switch between rail and sea or via alternative corridors) within long‑term contracts, instead of lane‑specific spot bookings.([market-insights.upply.com](https://market-insights.upply.com/en/china-eu-rail-freight-volumes-fell-again-in-2025?hs_amp=true&utm_source=openai)) - **Manufacturing sector (automotive, machinery, electronics):** - Automotive & machinery exporters in Germany increasingly demand **time‑definite multimodal chains** (truck–rail–sea, or sea–rail) to meet just‑in‑time production and after‑sales service requirements, especially for China, Central Asia, and Eastern Europe.([railmarket.com](https://railmarket.com/news/freight-rail/51534-ltg-cargo-deploys-new-pocket-wagons-on-kaunas-duisburg-route?utm_source=openai)) - The 2025 drop in rail volumes and use of alternative corridors has led to **more contingency planning**, with shippers seeking: - **Dual‑routing contracts** (e.g., primary: rail via Eurasia; secondary: ocean via North Range ports). - Inventory buffering closer to production clusters in Germany.([market-insights.upply.com](https://market-insights.upply.com/en/china-eu-rail-freight-volumes-fell-again-in-2025?hs_amp=true&utm_source=openai)) - **Agri‑food sector:** - German agri‑food importers (ingredients, feed, specialty foods) and exporters (processed foods, dairy, beverages) show **rising interest in temperature‑controlled and certified chains** that integrate: - Ocean reefer, rail/road distribution, and **compliance with veterinary/food safety controls** at EU borders. - ESG and deforestation‑related reporting for products such as coffee, cocoa, palm‑related ingredients.([oecd.org](https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2025/03/what-to-expect-from-the-eu-carbon-border-adjustment-mechanism_a21e9b51/719d2ff9-en.pdf?utm_source=openai)) - This sector often needs **multimodal “port‑plus‑hinterland” solutions** into Germany’s inland consumption and processing hubs (Ruhr, Bavaria, Berlin/Brandenburg), strengthening demand for **rail/road hinterland services bundled with sea freight**. **Digital freight forwarding and visibility** - German shippers, especially mid‑caps, are adopting **digital platforms** for: - Instant rate comparison and booking across **sea, air, and rail**. - **End‑to‑end track & trace**, exception alerts, and CO₂ reporting. - While there is limited numeric data specific to Germany for 2026, European surveys from 2024–2025 show: - A growing share (often **>60% of surveyed shippers**) consider **“digital visibility and data integration” among their top three carrier/forwarder selection criteria**, up sharply from pre‑2020 levels.([climate.ec.europa.eu](https://climate.ec.europa.eu/document/download/ac12f0a8-49b1-4ab9-987d-1db8240abb92_en?filename=event_20241126_4_en.pdf&utm_source=openai)) - As EU ETS (shipping) and CBAM tighten reporting obligations (see section 3), **German importers/exporters increasingly require digital freight forwarders** that can: - Capture **embedded emissions data** for CBAM sectors. - Produce **auditable emissions and logistics records** to satisfy authorities and customers. - Support **API‑based integration** into ERP and carbon accounting systems. **Supplier and route diversification** - **China‑plus‑one and route diversification:** - In response to geopolitical risks, pandemic disruptions, and the 2025 rail decline, German manufacturers and agri‑food traders continue to diversify both: - **Sourcing locations** (greater use of Central/Eastern Europe, Turkey, North Africa, ASEAN alongside China). - **Transport routes** (more sea‑based routings via Mediterranean and North Range ports with rail/road inland, plus selective air for critical items).([seanews.com.tr](https://www.seanews.com.tr/article/china-eu-rail-freight-fell-141pc-in-2025-mlh34o68?utm_source=openai)) - **Impact of CBAM and EU ETS on sourcing:** - With CBAM entering full application from **January 1, 2026** for key sectors, German importers in steel, cement, aluminium, fertilisers, hydrogen and electricity are: - Reviewing **supplier portfolios** for carbon intensity. - Considering **switches to lower‑emission suppliers** (often within the EU or countries with strong carbon pricing) to reduce CBAM certificate costs.([oecd.org](https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2025/03/what-to-expect-from-the-eu-carbon-border-adjustment-mechanism_a21e9b51/719d2ff9-en.pdf?utm_source=openai)) - **Implications for logistics providers:** - Forwarders serving German clients are being asked to: - Offer **scenario‑based network design** (cost/time/CO₂ across sea/rail/air combinations). - Maintain **redundant routing options** for East‑West trade (via Suez, via Mediterranean hubs, via overland rail where viable). - Provide **contractual flexibility** to change lanes without heavy penalties. **Sources – Demand Signals** ([seanews.com.tr](https://www.seanews.com.tr/article/china-eu-rail-freight-fell-141pc-in-2025-mlh34o68?utm_source=openai)) === 3. [TIMING SIGNALS] EU transport decarbonization rules to 2026 – EU ETS extension for shipping & road; CBAM 2026 impact on freight forwarders and shippers in Germany === **EU ETS extension to maritime (shipping) – timing & scope** - **Inclusion timeline and gases:** - The EU ETS was **extended to maritime transport from January 1, 2024**, covering CO₂ emissions from ships ≥5,000 GT on: - 100% of emissions on voyages between EU ports and at‑berth. - 50% of emissions on voyages between an EU and non‑EU port.([climate.ec.europa.eu](https://climate.ec.europa.eu/eu-action/transport-decarbonisation/reducing-emissions-shipping-sector/faq-maritime-transport-eu-emissions-trading-system-ets_bg?utm_source=openai)) - **Phase‑in of surrender obligations:** - 2024: shipping companies must surrender allowances for **40%** of verified emissions. - 2025: **70%**. - **From 2026 onward: 100%** of verified emissions must be covered.([climate.ec.europa.eu](https://climate.ec.europa.eu/eu-action/transport-decarbonisation/reducing-emissions-shipping-sector/faq-maritime-transport-eu-emissions-trading-system-ets_bg?utm_source=openai)) - **GHG scope expansion:** CO₂ included from 2024; **CH₄ and N₂O will also be covered from 2026**, increasing the effective carbon cost for certain ship types and fuels.([oeko.de](https://www.oeko.de/en/publications/extension-of-the-eu-ets-to-maritime-transport-key-aspects-of-the-revision-of-the-ets-directive/?utm_source=openai)) - **Cost impact signals:** - EU ETS inclusion for shipping adds a new operating cost line for vessels calling at German ports (Hamburg, Bremerhaven, etc.). Analyses indicate: - Incremental cost per TEU is still modest vs total freight rate, leading to a **limited impact on overall trade volumes** but **non‑trivial surcharges** on freight invoices.([usitc.gov](https://www.usitc.gov/publications/332/executive_briefings/ebot_maritime_decarbonization_ii.pdf?utm_source=openai)) - Many carriers already apply **“ETS surcharges”** on Europe‑related sea freight; these are expected to **increase as the obligation steps up to 100% in 2026** and as more gases are covered. **Road transport and wider ETS reforms – timing** - As part of the **“Fit for 55”** package, the EU is creating a **separate emissions trading system (often referred to as ETS2)** for fuels used in **buildings and road transport**, with: - Start of the system scheduled around **2027**, after preparatory monitoring years, with the possibility of earlier activation if energy prices are moderate.([climate.ec.europa.eu](https://climate.ec.europa.eu/document/download/ac12f0a8-49b1-4ab9-987d-1db8240abb92_en?filename=event_20241126_4_en.pdf&utm_source=openai)) - Implications for Germany: - While **no full ETS pricing directly on road freight operators is in force yet in 2026**, German logistics providers are preparing for: - **Pass‑through of fuel carbon costs** from fuel suppliers under ETS2 within a few years. - Stronger incentives for **fleet efficiency, modal shift (road→rail/inland waterway)** and alternative fuels adoption in anticipation. **Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) – timing and scope to 2026** - **Transitional phase (report‑only):** - From **October 1, 2023 to December 31, 2025**, EU importers of covered goods must **report embedded emissions** each quarter but **do not yet pay** the carbon charge. Sectors covered in this phase: - **Cement, iron & steel, aluminium, fertilisers, hydrogen, electricity.**([en.wikipedia.org](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EU_Carbon_Border_Adjustment_Mechanism?utm_source=openai)) - **Full implementation: from January 1, 2026** - From **January 1, 2026**, importers of products in these CBAM sectors must: - **Purchase and surrender CBAM certificates** reflecting the embedded emissions of imported goods. - The CBAM certificate price is linked to the **EU ETS allowance price**, after crediting any carbon price effectively paid in the country of origin.([en.wikipedia.org](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EU_Carbon_Border_Adjustment_Mechanism?utm_source=openai)) - By 2026, CBAM will thus impose a **border carbon cost** on **303 CN codes** across the initial sectors, according to an OECD 2025 brief.([oecd.org](https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2025/03/what-to-expect-from-the-eu-carbon-border-adjustment-mechanism_a21e9b51/719d2ff9-en.pdf?utm_source=openai)) - **Thresholds and exemptions relevant to German importers:** - German chambers of commerce note: - CBAM applies to **all EU‑established importers** of covered goods from non‑EU countries. - **Small volume exemption**: From 2026, companies importing **<50 tonnes per year of CBAM‑goods** fall outside CBAM scope.([ihk.de](https://www.ihk.de/magdeburg/international/neu-zollinformationen/export-und-import/handel-mit-drittlaendern/basisinformationen-einfuhr/cbam-das-co2-grenzausgleichssystem-5805862?utm_source=openai)) - Certain geographic origins (e.g., specific territories listed in Annex III of the CBAM Regulation; some electricity/hydrogen produced in a Member State’s exclusive economic zone) are exempt.([ihk.de](https://www.ihk.de/duesseldorf/aussenwirtschaft/zoll-und-aussenwirtschaftsrecht/internationale-handelspolitik3/news/handelspolitik-co2-grenzsteuer-5197644?utm_source=openai)) **Impact on freight forwarders and shippers in Germany (2026)** - **Operational and data requirements:** - From 2026, German importers in CBAM sectors must: - Register as **CBAM declarants** and file annual CBAM declarations. - Maintain detailed records on **embedded emissions per shipment and supplier**, including verification where relevant.([inettt.org](https://www.inettt.org/fileadmin/Publications/The_EU_Carbon_Border_Adjustment/INETTT_EU_CBAM_Considerations_for_Brazil_2026.pdf?utm_source=openai)) - Freight forwarders and logistics providers serving these importers are increasingly asked to: - Provide **granular shipment data** (weights, CN codes, origins, routing) to support CBAM reporting. - Integrate with **clients’ carbon accounting and compliance systems**, often via APIs. - Coordinate with upstream producers to **collect emissions factors** for specific plants/products. - **Cost and sourcing effects:** - CBAM + tightened EU ETS raise the **relative landed cost** of carbon‑intensive imports vs EU or low‑carbon alternatives. For German shippers, this is driving: - **Re‑evaluation of supplier portfolios**, with potential shifts toward: - **EU or EEA suppliers** subject to EU ETS rather than CBAM. - Non‑EU suppliers with **low‑carbon production** (e.g., green steel, low‑carbon fertilisers). - Increased interest in **nearshoring and regionalisation** of supply chains where feasible. - Economic modelling suggests CBAM will: - **Partially offset competitiveness losses** for EU carbon‑priced industries but impose some **cost pressure on downstream sectors** (e.g., machinery, autos, construction) that rely on imported CBAM goods.([oecd.org](https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2025/03/what-to-expect-from-the-eu-carbon-border-adjustment-mechanism_a21e9b51/719d2ff9-en.pdf?utm_source=openai)) - **Service differentiation and risk for logistics providers:** - Forwarders unable to provide reliable **emissions data, CBAM support, and ETS‑related cost transparency** risk being sidelined in tenders, especially by larger German industrial clients. - Conversely, providers that can bundle: - **Modal shift options** (e.g., sea→rail to lower emissions), - **Route optimisation for CO₂ and cost**, and - **Regulatory compliance services (CBAM, ETS, customs)** are positioned to capture **premium margins** and long‑term contracts. - **Knock‑on effects on mode choice and corridors:** - As maritime EU ETS costs rise toward 2026 and beyond, and as CBAM internalizes carbon in imported materials, German shippers may: - Favour **more energy‑efficient vessels and carriers**, potentially preferring alliances/routes that invest in cleaner fleets. - Explore **short‑sea + rail** combinations within Europe to reduce emissions per tonne‑km. - For agri‑food and non‑CBAM sectors, the main effect is **indirect**—via higher general ocean freight costs and stronger expectations from customers and retailers on supply‑chain decarbonization. **Sources – Timing Signals** ([climate.ec.europa.eu](https://climate.ec.europa.eu/eu-action/transport-decarbonisation/reducing-emissions-shipping-sector/faq-maritime-transport-eu-emissions-trading-system-ets_bg?utm_source=openai)) Sources: • China-Europe: 19.000+ freight trains in 2024 | Latest Railway News https://railmarket.com/news/freight-rail/28943-china-europe-19-000-freight-trains-in-2024?region=na&utm_source=openai • China-Europe freight train trips hit nearly 120,000 https://english.news.cn/20251118/ea5cbba0dc6c4d70bea1665105c364ed/c.html?utm_source=openai • China-EU Rail Freight Plummets 14.1% in 2025 | SeaNews https://www.seanews.com.tr/article/china-eu-rail-freight-fell-141pc-in-2025-mlh34o68?utm_source=openai • China-EU rail freight volumes fell again in 2025 https://market-insights.upply.com/en/china-eu-rail-freight-volumes-fell-again-in-2025?hs_amp=true&utm_source=openai • China EU rail freight drops 27% in first half 2025 https://www.freshplaza.com/north-america/article/9762030/china-eu-rail-freight-drops-27-in-first-half-2025/?utm_source=openai • Return flows overtake outbound China–Europe rail | Latest Railway News https://railmarket.com/news/freight-rail/51534-ltg-cargo-deploys-new-pocket-wagons-on-kaunas-duisburg-route?utm_source=openai • China-EU rail freight volumes fell again in 2025 https://market-insights.upply.com/en/china-eu-rail-freight-volumes-fell-again-in-2025?hs_amp=true&utm_source=openai • Return flows overtake outbound China–Europe rail | Latest Railway News https://railmarket.com/news/freight-rail/51534-ltg-cargo-deploys-new-pocket-wagons-on-kaunas-duisburg-route?utm_source=openai • Return flows overtake outbound China–Europe rail | Latest Railway News https://railmarket.com/news/freight-rail/51534-ltg-cargo-deploys-new-pocket-wagons-on-kaunas-duisburg-route?utm_source=openai • China-EU Rail Freight Plummets 14.1% in 2025 | SeaNews https://www.seanews.com.tr/article/china-eu-rail-freight-fell-141pc-in-2025-mlh34o68?utm_source=openai • China-EU Rail Freight Plummets 14.1% in 2025 | SeaNews https://www.seanews.com.tr/article/china-eu-rail-freight-fell-141pc-in-2025-mlh34o68?utm_source=openai • China-EU Rail Freight Plummets 14.1% in 2025 | SeaNews https://www.seanews.com.tr/article/china-eu-rail-freight-fell-141pc-in-2025-mlh34o68?utm_source=openai • China EU rail freight drops 27% in first half 2025 https://www.freshplaza.com/north-america/article/9762030/china-eu-rail-freight-drops-27-in-first-half-2025/?utm_source=openai • China-Europe freight train trips hit nearly 120,000 https://english.news.cn/20251118/ea5cbba0dc6c4d70bea1665105c364ed/c.html?utm_source=openai • Return flows overtake outbound China–Europe rail | Latest Railway News https://railmarket.com/news/freight-rail/51534-ltg-cargo-deploys-new-pocket-wagons-on-kaunas-duisburg-route?utm_source=openai • China-EU rail freight volumes fell again in 2025 https://market-insights.upply.com/en/china-eu-rail-freight-volumes-fell-again-in-2025?hs_amp=true&utm_source=openai • Return flows overtake outbound China–Europe rail | Latest Railway News https://railmarket.com/news/freight-rail/51534-ltg-cargo-deploys-new-pocket-wagons-on-kaunas-duisburg-route?utm_source=openai • China-EU rail freight volumes fell again in 2025 https://market-insights.upply.com/en/china-eu-rail-freight-volumes-fell-again-in-2025?hs_amp=true&utm_source=openai • Policy BriefOECD https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2025/03/what-to-expect-from-the-eu-carbon-border-adjustment-mechanism_a21e9b51/719d2ff9-en.pdf?utm_source=openai • Significantly increasing the coverage of carbon markets https://climate.ec.europa.eu/document/download/ac12f0a8-49b1-4ab9-987d-1db8240abb92_en?filename=event_20241126_4_en.pdf&utm_source=openai • China-EU Rail Freight Plummets 14.1% in 2025 | SeaNews https://www.seanews.com.tr/article/china-eu-rail-freight-fell-141pc-in-2025-mlh34o68?utm_source=openai • Policy BriefOECD https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2025/03/what-to-expect-from-the-eu-carbon-border-adjustment-mechanism_a21e9b51/719d2ff9-en.pdf?utm_source=openai • China-EU Rail Freight Plummets 14.1% in 2025 | SeaNews https://www.seanews.com.tr/article/china-eu-rail-freight-fell-141pc-in-2025-mlh34o68?utm_source=openai • FAQ – Maritime transport in EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) - Climate Action https://climate.ec.europa.eu/eu-action/transport-decarbonisation/reducing-emissions-shipping-sector/faq-maritime-transport-eu-emissions-trading-system-ets_bg?utm_source=openai • FAQ – Maritime transport in EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) - Climate Action https://climate.ec.europa.eu/eu-action/transport-decarbonisation/reducing-emissions-shipping-sector/faq-maritime-transport-eu-emissions-trading-system-ets_bg?utm_source=openai • Extension of the EU ETS to maritime transport | oeko.de https://www.oeko.de/en/publications/extension-of-the-eu-ets-to-maritime-transport-key-aspects-of-the-revision-of-the-ets-directive/?utm_source=openai)